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    • 专利摘要:
    1513423 Synchronizing SIEMENS AG 9 May 1975 [27 May 1974] 19525/75 Heading H4M In the mutual synchronization of pulse train oscillators provided in the modes of a PCM t.d.m. network, extractors S at each node providing to "m" fold dividers ZI-ZL the pulse rates on lines IL, the divider ouputs being fed to bistable triggers KI-KL all of which receive from divider ZO the "m" fold divided train from local oscillator O, the bistable trigger outputs being summed {phase averaging}, and filtered by low pass filter TP to provide an output controlling the local oscillator frequency, the system operating with approximately 180 degree phase shift between the trains provided at the ouputs of divider ZO and ZI-ZL resp. means are provided to reset all dividers ZI-ZL to re-establish the 180 degree phase shift should the output of the low pass filter TP exceed a predetermined threshold, whose value is related to the number of lines I-L, set in unit FG, or one or more of the dividers ZI-ZL are reset to the reference 180 degree phase shift, should an output pulse of the corresponding divider(s) ZI-ZL be provided before the count state of divider ZO has reached r, or after it has reached m-r. The threshold FG functions when its threshold is exceeded to set bistable RN in turn resetting and holding dividers ZI-ZL in their initial state, until a pulse from divider ZO at count m/2 resets the bistable in turn re-enabling dividers ZI-ZL. Bistable RP functions similarly to RN in reestablishing the 180 degree phase shift for divider ZI, should the latter provide an output while AND RU is enabled, i.e. when the content of divider ZO exceeds m-r or is less than r, the AND output setting bistable RP, which is reset at count m/2 of divider ZO. The reset output of RP may be taken from the m output of ZO, if signals to AND gates, such as RU are provided from an m/2 output (not shown) of the dividers ZI-ZL. The re-establishing of the 180 degree phase shift in the above manner is stated to remove the influence of transit time changes on pulse train frequency. The number of incoming lines I-L may vary from node to node in the system, but the thresholding is arranged so that the amount of frequency deviation undergone by local oscillator O to trigger the reference phase conditions, is the same for all nodes.
    公开号:SU810094A3
    申请号:SU752133271
    申请日:1975-05-12
    公开日:1981-02-28
    发明作者:Карл Отто；Бинц Райнер
    申请人:Сименс Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    more than the deviation of the idling frequency of the generator from the nominal frequency. A new reference phase can be formed when the limit value is exceeded to deviate the generator frequency from the idling frequency, at which the frequency deviation tOfq. generator from the nominal frequency It) satisfies the formula -I (where 0 is the deviation of the idling frequency of the generator from the nominal frequency; n is the minimum number of incoming lines (1.2 ...); -the steepness of the regulation; 6l is the maximum phase difference between the beat one line and a standard cycle. OR devices and a serially connected threshold block and a trigger are added to the device, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the OR elements, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the control unit, while the outputs the OR elements are connected to the reverse inputs of the down-clock blocks, and the reverse-reset input of the bistable trigger is connected to the middle relative to the outputs of the down clock blocks at the SRI, the output of the down-clock station clock block. The method is as follows: A block is provided in each network node reducing the frequency of a clock cycle, excited by the station clock, as well as blocks for decreasing the frequency of the clock cycle, excited by the clock cycles supplied by communication lines with a temporary seal, incoming in the network-, -,, -. nodes, the latter operate with a decrease in time as compared with the block for decreasing the station clock frequency after a possible new formation of the reference phase by approximately 180 °, while the output signals of the individual blocks as well as the frequency of the line clock are supplied together with the output of the clock frequency block stations to individual phase comparison blocks, the output signals of which, combined in a summing or forming an average unit, form a generator frequency control signal as well as stations in Yedelev control frequency range. A new formation of the support phase arises when the frequency deviates from the idling frequency of the clock generator, which exceeds the limit value, set-. in accordance with the minimum number of phase-matching individual units on the lines operating in the network node. With the implementation of the method with the new formation of a reference phase of frequency regulation (central telephone exchanges or also station regenerators) provided for in network nodes of a communication network with temporary compacting of tact generators, also with a dependent network configuration and thus freely established slope control equal limits of frequency control of individual network nodes, regardless of the number of phase-matching units operating in the corresponding network node, exceeding the minimum number specified for network nodes. A particular advantage is achieved when the minimum number is taken as the basis, 1 whereby the value of the frequency control range is completely independent of the number of communication lines with temporary multiplexing directed to individual network nodes, and the more appropriate network design is taken into account. A PCM station (pulse code modulation) is connected to only one corresponding neighboring central telephone exchange with PCM via the PCM link. A new formation of the reference phase can be caused if there is a limit deviation of the idling frequency of the tact generator, in which case the frequency deviation from the predetermined design frequency is greater than the deviation of the frequency of the idling of the tact generator from the given design. In this case, in any case, the compression clock frequency common to all network nodes is obtained. In order to reliably prevent large absolute phase differences and absolute phase drift, it is advisable to cause the initial formation of phase differences when the limit deviation frequency of the idling frequency of the tact generator, in which the frequency deviation from the predetermined design frequency is greater than approximately two times the frequency of the idling generator of the tact from a given frequency. On the other hand, a new formation of the reference phase of the idling frequency of the tact generator may be caused when the frequency deviation limit occurs at which the frequency deviation from the predetermined frequency is equal to or less than the sum of the oscillator frequency deviation from the specified frequency and the product of the minimum number of phase comparison blocks the steepness of the adjustment and the limiting magnitude of the phase difference associated with the maximum output of the phase comparison unit. When interacting in the same direction, the minimum number of phase comparison blocks in this case causes a new formation of the reference phase; To reliably prevent large absolute phase differences and absolute phase drift, it is advisable here to cause a new formation of the reference phase when the limit value of the phase deviation of the no-load frequency of the tact generator, in which the frequency deviation from the predetermined frequency is greater than the sum of the above-mentioned deviation and about the twentieth part of the above product.
    The new formation of the reference phase is appropriate for all the comparison blocks of the corresponding network node. Moreover, it is possible to cause a new formation of the reference phase, respectively, only for a part of the comparison blocks of the phases of the corresponding network node, actually for such comparison blocks for which additional return criteria are set, for example, relative to the magnitude of the resulting phase difference.
    The drawing shows the structural electrical circuit of the device for carrying out the proposed method.
    The device contains a station clock frequency reduction unit 1, line clock frequency reduction units 2, phase comparison units 3, adder 4, station frequency generator 5, control unit 6, OR elements 7, threshold unit 8, bistable trigger 9, link 10 and extractors 11.
    The device works as follows.
    The generator 5 is synchronized in accordance with the principle of phase averaging by the generators of other central telephone exchanges along lines 10 with a temporary seal exiting from these central telephone exchanges. The strokes of lines 10 are supplied to blocks 2, at the outputs of which individual monitors 3 are connected.
    The averaged value of the output signal of the direct current of each block 3 is proportional to (according to the transient function) the phase difference between the corresponding cycle of line 10 and the station beat. The output signals of the blocks 3 are collected in the adder 4, the output of which is the control signal supplied to the input of the controller of the frequency controlled oscillator 5.
    Blocks 2 operate temporarily offset by approximately 180 ° with respect to the unit
    1 after the formation of a new phase. To induce such new formations of opal phase, the threshold unit 8 is connected to the output wire of the adder 4, which guides the frequency control signal of the generator 5 and connects to the return inputs of the unit 2 via a bistable trigger 9.
    The excitation threshold of the threshold unit 8 is set in accordance with a predetermined minimum number of individual on line 10 units 3 operating in a single Network node. The threshold unit 8 is respectively excited with a regulating signal that corresponds to the deviation of the instantaneous frequency of the generator 5 from the idling frequency, at which the deviation of the frequency ut) o from the predetermined nominal frequency w is equal to or less than the sum of the deviation ti) of the idling frequency generator 5 from the nominal frequency U) and the product of the minimum number of blocks 3, and the steepness of the control G, and. maximum phase difference 0 between the beat of one line and the beat of the station.
    The amplitude adjustment signal supplied by generator 5 causes the excitation of a bistable trigger 9, which feeds a return signal to the return inputs of blocks 2 so that they return to their initial state and remain there for the reverse signal until the bistable returns. trigger 9, which occurs after the reverse signal is supplied from the counting output of block 1. Blocks 2 then begin a new process of frequency reduction with a time offset of 180 relative to block 1, and for blocks 3 New formation of the supporting phase.
    In addition to the new formations of the reference phases, which are caused by the idling frequency of the generator 5 with a frequency deviation exceeding the limiting value specified in accordance with the minimum number of individual lines 10 in the network node, a new formation of the reference phase also occurs when regulating the frequency of phase comparisons exceeds the predetermined limiting value of the phase difference. To control this additional new formation of the reference phase, control block 6 is introduced. .
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. The method of mutual synchronization of station clock generators in nodes of a communication network with 8 time multiplexing, in particular, a communication network with pulse-code modulation, is based on the separation of the station clock frequency and line clock frequencies, which, after the formation of the reference phase, dividing the clock frequency of the line with a time shift of 180 ° relative to dividing the clock frequency of the station, measuring the phase difference between the individual received by dividing the signals of the station clock and the clock line and from the measured phase differences form su The sampled signal or the signal of the mean value with which the frequency of the generator of the clock cycle is adjusted within its frequency control range, which is different from the fact that, in order to provide a synchronization independent of the construction of the communication network, the deviation of the frequency of the generator so the station from idle is determined move and form a new reference phase prn above the limit value, corresponding to the node of the communication network with a minimum number liHidi, coming from other nodes.
    [2]
    2. The way pop. 1, characterized in that, at the limiting magnitude, the deviation of the generator frequency from the idling frequency, at which the frequency deviation from the predetermined nomial frequency is greater than the deviation of the idling frequency of the generator from the nominal frequency, form a basic reference phase.
    [3]
    3. The method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, that is, with the fact that a new reference phase is formed when the limit value is exceeded to deviate the generator frequency from the idling frequency, at which the oscillation frequency and) of the generator from the nominal frequency vt) satisfies the formula K) where (, is the deviation of the idling frequency of the generator from the nominal frequency; n is the finite number of the search for the OD lines, ..); in - the steepness rvgutshirovani; 6 - maximal phase difference between one cycle (line and station 4). A device for carrying out the method according to P 1, containing its station clock frequency and clock frequency modulation blocks, whose outputs are connected to the first inputs of phase comparison blocks, the outputs of which are connected to The inputs of the adder or block are averaged, the output of which is connected to the control input of the clock frequency generator, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the phase comparison units and to the single input of the clock through the b | Control, the other inputs of which are connected to the first inputs of phase comparison units, characterized in that the OR elements and the series-connected thresholds are entered into the block and a bistable trigger, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the OR elements, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the control unit , while the outputs of the elements OR are connected to the inputs of the installation of blocks for the reduction of the clock frequency of the lines, and the input of the reverse installation of the trigger trigger is connected to the middle relative to the outputs of the blocks in the first and the clock line frequency, the output unit ponnzhenn clock station. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The patent of Germany M «2149911, cl. 21 a 46/10, 1971 (prototype).
    ten
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    GB1219082A|1967-03-14|1971-01-13|Post Office|Frequency control of oscillators|
    GB1222685A|1968-05-31|1971-02-17|Post Office|Digital communication systems|
    GB1285720A|1968-12-18|1972-08-16|Post Office|Improvements in or relating to digital communication systems|
    BE789775A|1971-10-06|1973-04-06|Siemens Ag|MUTUAL SYNCHRONIZATION OF THE CENTRAL RATE OSCILLATORS OF A PCM TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLEXING IN TIME|JPS50143541A|1974-05-07|1975-11-19|
    LU74292A1|1975-07-25|1976-06-18|
    DE2737713C2|1977-08-22|1983-09-29|Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München|Time division multiplex digital switching system, in particular PCM telephone switching system, with double switching network devices|
    US4433424A|1981-05-11|1984-02-21|International Business Machines Corporation|Multichannel common clock|
    JPS58192737A|1982-04-28|1983-11-10|Inoue Japax Res Inc|Method of polishing machining|
    JPS6084242U|1983-11-15|1985-06-11|
    GB8516609D0|1985-07-01|1985-08-07|Bicc Plc|Data network synchronisation|
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    JPH0870258A|1994-09-30|1996-03-12|Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd|Radio equipment|
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    US6247995B1|1996-02-06|2001-06-19|Bruce Bryan|Bioluminescent novelty items|
    FR2793623B1|1999-05-11|2003-01-24|Canon Kk|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE SYNCHRONIZATION BETWEEN TWO NI-1 NODES, OR OF A NETWORK|
    US6605972B1|2002-09-26|2003-08-12|Lsi Logic Corporation|Integrated circuit with switched capacitor network for recycling power|
    JP2007168884A|2005-12-26|2007-07-05|Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd|Filling container for liquid content|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19742425604|DE2425604C3|1974-05-27|Circuit arrangement for the counterpart of a PCM time division multiplex telecommunications network provided exchange clock oscillators|
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